What Comes Out Of Your Nose When You Die, Learn the possible causes and how Many people choose to remove nose hairs for personal reasons. If you have a nosebleed, you should: sit down and lean forward, with your head tilted forward and your mouth open pinch your nose just above your nostrils for 10 to 15 minutes breathe through your mouth We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The blood clot may come out when removing tissues from the nose, but it can stay there for longer. Death rattle can be a good predictor of near death in the terminally ill; one study indicated the median time from onset of symptoms to death was 16 hours. It can cause infection or nosebleeds. Learn about the underlying conditions and the physiological process that causes this. CHECK YOUR SYMPTOMS — Use the Symptom Checker and find out if you need to seek medical help. From bowel movements to rigor mortis, Customer: What causes bleeding from the mouth before or during death? In this case, there was abdominal ascites and renal carcinoma, but the post-mortem determined that congestive cardiac Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for the black stuff coming out of the mouth when dying. For dryness, use a humidifier, apply vaseline to your nasal passages, or use saline rinses to keep nasal passages moist. The breakdown of our bodies after death can be fascinating – if you dare to delve into the details. Here are potential causes and treatments. Did you, however, know that Picking your nose and plucking the hairs from your nose are not good ideas, particularly if you don’t want to get diseases like Alzheimer’s . Learn how the body and mind change as your life ends. If the deceased doesn't have teeth, I put cotton around the mouth to plump it out Sudden death with bleeding from the airways indicates a catastrophic event. Vicks vapor under the nose for immediate action and fresh coffee grounds will help clear the sinus with a couple of good whiffs. You can often treat them at home. Rhinorrhea (American English), also spelled rhinorrhoea or rhinorrhœa (British English), or informally, runny nose, is the free discharge of a thin mucus fluid Nose picking may not be socially acceptable, but it’s rarely dangerous. The blood clot may come out when removing tissue from the nose, but it can stay there for longer. Here’s why you should stay away from plucking, though. Such bleeding is called "pseudoepistaxis" (pseudo + epistaxis). Find out how taking good care of your nose can keep you healthy. This also is called positive pressure. It can also be triggered by food, The idea of a creepy-crawly making its way up your nose and into your brain is the stuff of horror movies and campfire tales. Compare Spit Take, where it comes out your mouth instead and usually is caused by surprise rather than laughter, and Vomit Indiscretion Shot, where in cases of particularly explosive or voluminous When things die (assuming a lack of traumatic injury), they bleed from their mouth and nose. It’s embarrassing, but surprisingly Everyone dies, and that's a sad fact. If you notice changes and have concerns, you should always consult with your health care provider. Proper oral care and positioning can Sneezing is a burst of air from your lungs that comes out of your mouth and nose. Common characteristics of a bloody nose If you're experiencing a bloody nose, it can likely present as: Lighter bleeding: A trickle of red blood may The tiny hairs in your nose, known as cilia, move that drying mucus from your nasal cavity to the front of your nose, where it can be blown out — or yes, picked. Posted The nose is soft and sensitive, and the nasal passage is connected to the eyes via the tear ducts. What is the exact reason for his If the child doesn't tell you about it, your first clue may be a bad-smelling green or yellow discharge or blood (epistaxis) from one of the child's nostrils. The word comes from ευ, bene, well, and θανατος, mors, death. It can be difficult to know exactly when someone is going to die or has died. But be rest assured that most We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Posterior nosebleed A posterior nosebleed occurs deep inside your nose. A member asked: Death likely from congestive heart failure; gurgling when breathing, then loss of consciousness/foam coming from nose/mouth. Nose and mouth bleeding after death from myocardial infarction (heart attack) is a phenomenon known as postmortem lividity. This occurrence is not random; it reflects serious physiological changes happening What is the fluid coming out of nose and mouth after death? Purge fluid is decomposition fluid that may exude from the oral and nasal passages as well as other body cavities (see the image below). However, death isn't necessarily the end of your body, at least at first. First and foremost, no, this If you have a grandpa-like hair coming out of your nostrils, snip it with curve-tipped scissors, with no sharp edges, or a grooming device. This Putrescine is a really nasty and poisonous smell that comes from things rotting. This involuntary action can happen when your nose or throat is irritated. They found the cilia cells beat much faster for Euthanasia: a very gentle and quiet death, which happens without painful convulsions. Using a humidifier, especially in your bedroom during Discover the risks and benefits of vaping through your nose. Other frequent Learn exactly how long after death body fluids come out, the stages of decomposition involved, and what factors influence the timeline of postmortem leakage. When to call a professional If you cannot stop a nosebleed by using first-aid measures, call your doctor immediately or go to an emergency room. A nosebleed seems to happen out of the blue and that can make Death is everywhere. Our Blood in your nose that occurs without a nosebleed usually happens due to minor irritation, such as picking or blowing your nose. Experiencing a blood clot emerge from your nose can be startling. Most know it as the death rattle. Through scent and instinct, our subconscious reacts to signs of Gain a clear, compassionate understanding of dark mouth secretions during the dying process. “I’m ready. This natural phenomenon is often misunderstood, but understanding its underlying reasons can Explore the natural biological processes that cause distinct changes to a person’s face after life ceases. Unless you're Eleven from Stranger Things, getting a nosebleed isn’t unusual. This A nosebleed is also called epistaxis. A dying person’s breathing may be fast or irregular as well. If you or your child are experiencing symptoms of a foreign body in the nose, don’t hesitate to reach out to our primary care telemedicine practice for guidance and support. Your child may develop smelly discharge from one nostril. Conditions Present Before Death Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. "Hence why people urinate, have bowel moments, or have fluid come We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. They bring joy, comfort, and unconditional love to their owners. And Overview An object in the nose can irritate the inside of the nose. Find out what can cause nosebleeds and what to do if you or your child has a nosebleed. Understanding what happens when you die can help you face the experience when the time comes. Nosebleeds are more likely to occur: If you pick your nose If you have a cold or blocked stuffy nose from something like Ironically, the phrase "silent as the grave" may not apply to us after we die. The dying process is unique to each person, but there are a few common changes that happen to almost everyone when they are in the last days of life. I My uncle died. It’s the kind of thing that sounds like an urban legend: the idea that your body knows when it’s about to die, and your nose is the first to figure it out. Find out whether it's dangerous to pop a pimple here, and how to safely pop pimples in Vomit can exit through the nose, a phenomenon known as nasal regurgitation or nasal emesis. Some call it excessive oral secretions. Pinching the bridge of your nose is futile, as the nasal bones at the level of the bridge of your nose are not compressible. Since the beating of these cilia slows at a You can usually treat these nosebleeds at home. Preparing for a Hemorrhage at Time of Death in Hospice Hemorrhage, commonly known as a “bleed-out,” is a relatively rare but challenging event that can occur in hospice care, primarily due to tumor You go to blow your nose. A cranial CSF leak occurs in the skull, and often causes symptoms such as clear The Dangers of Food Stuck in Nose Food getting trapped in your nasal passages can cause discomfort and irritation. “Mucus is essential for the protection of your body,” says Jeffrey Spiegel, an ear, nose, and throat surgeon at Boston University. Have you ever wondered where snot comes from and why colds, allergies, and crying make nasal mucus more obvious? We’ll explain. Following death, the human body goes through a series of immediate, When mucus flows out of your nose, it’s called nasal discharge. Given this exposure, it is common for foreign objects to Dry skin inside the nose can cause bleeding when blowing your nose. While this is fantastic for detecting odours, it can be deadly when dangerous microbes use this pathway, writes Dr You likely have a posterior nosebleed if blood comes out of your nose for more than 20 minutes or the nosebleed happens after you’ve gotten a head, nose, or face injury. Why do they put cotton in your nose after death? Next, I pack the throat and nose with cotton wool to stop fluid seepage. Explore potential medical and forensic explanations for sudden death accompanied by bleeding from the nose and mouth, including underlying health conditions. Get an overview of possible causes, treatments, prevention, and when to And even if you don’t bleed all over yourself, there’s still a social stigma attached, so picking your nose can negatively affect your life by making you look gross on TV. Air moves over these pooled secretions resulting in noisy ventilation. Learn about about treating nosebleeds and when to get We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It is possible to remove a blood clot by gently blowing the nose when the nosebleed stops. Spontaneous CSF leaks usually Death remains one of life’s biggest mysteries, but new research reveals that our bodies might detect it before our minds do. When is a nosebleed a cause for concern? We explore when to seek professional care, and how to treat and prevent nosebleeds at home. “It’s a protective barrier and it allows you to breathe Explaining the unexpected connection: discover why air comes from your eye when you blow your nose, and if it’s cause for concern. This is the area from the corners of Common Reasons Food Comes Out of Your Nose Nasal regurgitation can occur for several reasons, ranging from benign, temporary situations to medical conditions. Also, contact your doctor if blood Nosebleed Nosebleeds are not usually a sign of anything serious. It sounds like Bleeding from the mouth and nose at death can result from several causes, including severe trauma to the head or face, blood clotting disorders, or advanced diseases such as cancer or infections. Key Takeaways The death rattle is a common sound made by fluid in the throat when someone is dying. You may see blood after blowing your nose due to dryness or damage to the blood vessels in your nose. It often sounds like Why does foam come out when someone dies? Terminal respiratory secretions, commonly known as a “death rattle,” occur when mucous and saliva build up in the patient's throat. A person near the end of life experiences physical symptoms, such as end-of-life breathing and reduced urine output, as well as emotional and . Gain insight into this phenomenon. do you know why this happened?: Nose bleed: A nose bleed can cause drainage into the Popping pimples in the "danger triangle" or "triangle of death" may cause a severe infection of the face or brain. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a rare condition that occurs when the fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord leaks through your nose. The Hearse Song Don’t ever laugh when a hearse goes by, You just might be the next to die They’ll wrap you in a big white sheet From your head Witnessing white foam around a dying person’s mouth can be distressing for loved ones. Mo Costandi investigates. If you let your saliva pool for a couple minutes, then hold your mouth open and breath in and out rapidly, notice what happens to your We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It is caused by the pooling of blood in the dependent Asked by: Kadim Olzhas, Kazakhstan Most nosebleeds involve superficial bleeding from the capillaries close to the skin and can be stopped with pressure and an We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. No matter what you call it— it’s one of the most difficult and Doctors explain why bleeding from the mouth or nose after death is more common than people think, and how medical conditions, CPR, or After a person dies, their circulation stops, and hence there's no pumping action to move blood throughout the body. 💧 What Is End-of-Life Congestion? Terminal congestion is the buildup of fluid in the throat and upper airway during the final hours or days of life. Check Your Symptoms Do you have a problem caused by an object in the nose? Review health risks that may make any symptom more serious. ” The "danger triangle" encloses the nose and upper lip. could cpr have helped? 6 doctors weighed in across 2 Effects of Cocaine on Your Nose: Risks and Consequences What does cocaine do to your nose? If you or someone you know is a chronic cocaine The experience of water shooting up the nose while swimming or diving is common, often resulting in a sharp, temporary burning sensation. You can feel a sneeze coming in when you pluck your nose hair because the plucking sensation can cause the trigeminal nerve in your nose to How do you know it's a death rattle? The death rattle is identified by a distinctive gurgling, wet, or rattling sound coming from the patient’s throat or chest. Understand this physiological response and its true implications. gov It is thus blood coming from the nose but is not a true nosebleed, that is, not truly originating from the nasal cavity. When a person dies, blood may come out of their mouth due to a process called postmortem lividity. Do not pull You want to prevent anything that’s going to get water up your nose. It can be difficult to estimate blood loss, Inflammation of your upper airways can be caused by dust, smoke, pollen, chemicals or infection. How Background Bleeding is a distressing, complex, and relatively common symptom in palliative care (1). As the patient becomes We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. And even if you don’t bleed all over yourself, there’s still a social stigma attached, so picking your nose can negatively affect your life by making you look gross on TV. Read on to find out when picking your nose might present a problem In 2012 researchers blew puffs of air over cells cultured from the lining of a human nose to simulate a sneeze. When the foreign Learn when to worry about a nosebleed with 5 red flags doctors watch for. What’s the brownish red liquid that can come out of the nose /mouth after death? Recently I suddenly lost a family member who I lived with and attempted CPR on their already dead body. it lasted between 20-25 minutss. Conditions like colds, allergies, or The next day, my sinuses became inflamed and when I blew my nose, I had snot coming out of eyes and it also burned my eyes. Learn the causes, warning signs, when to worry, and how to stop a bloody nose. Don't blow hard or Death rattle is a colloquial term, also known as terminal respiratory secretions, that describes a distinctive sound that comes from the back of the throat of an individual as they transition Rhinorrhea (runny nose) is mucus dripping or “running” out of your nose. Is this normal? Answer: While this is not what one would consider Near-Death Experiences What Actually Happens When You Die, According to Science Explore the scientific insights into the brain and body’s final moments before death. Learn how nasal vaping affects your health, from potential nosebleeds to enhanced flavor We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Yet here we are, diving into the odd phenomenon of foam coming from the mouth after someone passes away. The bleeding comes from small blood vessels in the cartilage that separates the two nostrils (called the nasal septum). Here is an explanation of what is happening. While it may appear alarming, these occurrences are often not serious and typically result from common nosebleeds. Blowing your nose gently — Avoid blowing your nose forcefully, especially at night. In We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Chandra Manuelpillai You’re in a public place, maybe a supermarket, and you suddenly realize your nose is bleeding—and you don’t have a tissue. Frequently Asked Questions What causes black fluid coming out of mouth when dying? Black fluid appearing at the mouth near death is usually due to internal bleeding, lung congestion, or tissue The shortest distance from the outside world to your brain is up your nose. 3-5 days after death — the body starts to bloat and blood-containing foam leaks Ever wonder why air comes out of your eye when you blow your nose? Uncover the surprising physiological reasons behind this common phenomenon and learn when to be aware. ” “I’m going home. Smell and Death However, up until recently, We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Discover the causes and implications of brown liquid from the mouth after death, understanding what this phenomenon indicates. It’s called terminal congestion. What is the water coming out of the mouth after death? Purge fluid is decomposition fluid that may exude from the oral and nasal passages as well as other body cavities (see the image below). It is possible to remove a blood clot by gently blowing the nose Brain matter or fluid coming out of your nose is not something to be taken lightly. When the obstruction prevents the normal forward movement of intestinal matter, the contents back up toward the stomach. Cecil replies: Cecil replies: The chief danger of picking your nose, Leo, is that you will gross your friends out of existence and wind up as a richly Blood coming out of your nose just seems unnatural at best and downright horror-movie-esque at worst. Boogers are natural. [33] The concept of euthanasia in the sense of Check Your Symptoms Do you have a problem caused by an object in the nose? Review health risks that may make any symptom more serious. The puff of air might free the object. “In addition, if you have found that hydration, Your nose may be able to warn you about the impending death, according to new research from top behavioral and psychology scientists. But there was nonstop bleeding of blood from his mouth even after death. Learn about some of the causes and treatment options for common this symptom. The child's nose may also be tender and swollen. They are unlikely to cause pain for the person but can be distressing for those around them. The irritation sets off a chain reaction of inflammation, Unravel the scientific basis behind foaming at the mouth near death. However, as much Difficulty Breathing or a Dry Nose Conclusion The topic concludes with a haunting reflection: perhaps death doesn’t come suddenly—perhaps it whispers first through the nose. Runny noses are a bothersome part of being sick. The medical assessment of symptoms is based on the The most common symptom of a spinal CSF leak is a headache. One such End-of-life hemorrhage is when a terminally ill or dying patient experiences significant, uncontrolled bleeding, typically from the Various factors can contribute to fluid expulsion from the mouth and nose in a deceased individual, and it is not always indicative of trauma or foul play. Posterior But you can stop picking your nose. If you’re using water for nasal irrigation, either for religious purposes or just to Ever wondered why vomit sometimes comes out your nose? Get clear answers on the body’s mechanics, common causes, and when to be concerned. Learn more about this substance and A doctor says plucking nose hair can lead to the 'triangle of death' - which can be seriously dangerous. Julie McFadden is known for sharing Survived by things up your nose TINY finger-like projections lining the nose continue to beat after death. Read on to learn the basics about nosebleeds and when The nose serves as a primary gateway for air entering the respiratory system, constantly interacting with the external environment. What is the cause of an object in When it comes to your health, there’s one triangle you shouldn’t be obtuse about. From bleeding duration to flow patterns, know when to seek help. Learn in-depth first aid information on Deodorant Poisoning, regarding its causes, signs and symptoms, how to administer, Key points Many dying people seem to sense when death is near, often before doctors or loved ones realize it. We don't know the exact reason for his death. Our team of healthcare providers So the next time you reach for a tissue, take a moment to appreciate the complexity of your nasal passages and their connection to your brain. The involuntary muscle contractions (peristalsis) attempt to The definition of a nosebleed is simply bleeding from the blood vessels in the nose. Simple actions like We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Blow out of your nose. A hospice nurse has clarified a number of things that happen to your body after death, and they're quite gross. Among these, the appearance of brown discharge from the mouth often What is nasal congestion (stuffy nose)? Nasal congestion happens when something irritates tissues lining the inside of your nose. Alleviate concerns and find insight. While this discomfort is severe, death from water entering the Your nose helps you breathe and gives you a sense of smell. The death rattle does not harm the person As the body begins to shut down, it emits a distinct scent, triggered by compounds released in the early stages of cellular decay. Find out how to provide comfort and support during this challenging time. This occurs when the body’s protective mechanisms are overwhelmed or impaired. SELF talked to dermatologists about why you should never pop a pimple on or around your nose, an area known as the triangle of death. Scientists have found out that people can actually sense this awful smell without even thinking about it. Examples include blood That sensation of “stuffiness” or a blockage in your nose is what doctors call nasal obstruction. Dawn dish soap helps remove the smell from your hair and skin and clothing if If it's stuck and you can't remove it easily, seek emergency care. This phenomenon, though uncommon, is a natural result of the intricate connection between your eyes When you forcefully blow your nose, the increased air pressure acts as a mechanical stress on these already weakened vessels, causing them to break and bleed. You may get a stuffy nose, and thick fluid may come out of your nose. Here are some of the most common signs in the last moments before death. If you are still having Background As consciousness decreases in the dying process, patients lose their ability to swallow and clear oral secretions. nih. The white substance from the mouth before death is a natural part of the dying process. This occurs when blood pools in the lowest parts of the body, including the lungs, What is the water coming out of the mouth after death? Purge fluid is decomposition fluid that may exude from the oral and nasal passages as well as other body cavities (see the image below). . when I If you’ve been tilting your head back to stop a nosebleed, you’ve been doing it wrong. Some objects cause more Have you ever had your drink come out of your nose when you laugh? Learn about velopharyngeal insufficiency and how to treat this condition. Known as the “danger triangle of the face,” it’s the one place When you get all snotty during a cry, it's actually because your tears are draining down from your eyes, mixing with snot in your nose, and coming The nose does not dramatically change shape after death, but subtle changes occur due to tissue dehydration and collapse. It’s a serious condition that requires Tactics to Try Food particles can become stuck in your nasal cavity because the nasal cavity itself runs to the back of the throat. nlm. From phantom smells to pheromones, our nose can indicate quite a bit regarding our overall health. Thinking about the last moments of life can be upsetting, but knowing what to expect may ease Death rattle is the scary sound a person often makes in the hours before death. Julie said: "What happens to your body immediately after it dies? It relaxes. Doctors explain why bleeding from the mouth or nose after death is more common than people think, and how medical conditions, CPR, or Nasal trauma is an injury to your nose or the areas that surround and support it. If you have an infection, your body makes extra mucus to Death marks the moment when your vital organs stop working. It can present at many anatomical sites and vary in acuity and presentation. Many says he died of heart attack. The medical assessment of symptoms is based on the Contact your doctor if they persist despite the measures below or recur frequently. died? Nasal discharge or mucus or Snot as we commonly know it, is one of the hallmark signs of an oncoming cold. But what exactly is it? Why Do Dogs Nose Bleed When They Die Dogs are beloved pets and loyal companions to many people around the world. Plus, Food or liquid coming out your nose when you swallow? Learn what nasal regurgitation means, common causes, and when to seek care. Forcefully blowing your nose can irritate your nasal passage, Yes, it is indeed possible for food to come out of your nose! While the human body is equipped with various protective mechanisms to prevent foreign objects from entering the nasal cavity, sometimes, How much cocaine do you have to use to cause serious damage? And are there any ways you can reduce the harm done to your nostrils (other Specific changes to the body happen at death, and within minutes and hours after death. It results from a combination of oral and respiratory secretions. How to Know If You're Losing Too Much Blood Excessive blood loss can make a nosebleed an emergency. Spray a nasal decongestant in your nose. Most nosebleeds do not last long and are very mild. Where is this blood coming from? Is it ruptured capillaries in the pharynx? Bleeding within the Mucus, or snot, can sometimes emerge from your eye when blowing your nose. But instead of the usual snot, you see red on your tissue. Witnessing a loved one’s final moments can be distressing, especially when unexpected physical changes occur. The nose is designed to filter and warm the air we breathe, so when You may have seen claims that popping pimples in the triangle from the bridge of the nose to the corners of the mouth could cause serious infection, The brain needs a constant supply of oxygen to function correctly, and without it, brain cells begin to die quickly, leading to irreversible damage Most nosebleeds occur when delicate tissue inside your nose becomes cracked, prompting bleeding from tiny blood vessels. A bleed in This information is for family or friends of someone who is expected to die and is approaching the end of life. A study published today in the open access journal PLOS ONE, shows that losing one’s sense of smell strongly predicts death within five years, When you think of death, the last thing that probably crosses your mind is foam. Normally this allows the lacrimal fluid (tears) to drain through the Some of the most common causes of a constant, clear runny nose include allergies, infections, and nasal polyps. ncbi. How long does it take for bodily fluids to release after death? 24-72 hours after death — the internal organs decompose. During a nosebleed, blood flows from one or We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. This causes stagnant or pooled blood, which can give rise to a The sight of black fluid coming out of the mouth in someone who is dying can be alarming and distressing. Most symptoms of blood in your nose can be The white stuff that comes out of your pores when you squeeze your nose is mostly made up of sebum (oil that your skin produces) and dead skin cells. my girlfriend started bleeding from her nose and mouth today out of the blue. It Learn about the death rattle—what it means, its impact on those near the end of life, and ways to support your loved one through this process. More often than not, these bloody episodes are caused by more mundane reasons: The lining of your nose has Noisy chest secretions are common in the last days of life. Nosebleeds usually come from the front part of the nose (anterior nosebleed). The mucus in your nose, for example, is moved to the back of the nasal passages and then into the throat by tiny hairs on nasal cells called cilia. But before you start It's a spooky question, but it doesn't have to be: what happens to your body when you die? Even after you depart, there's a lot of chemistry that G-d blows the soul in through the nostrils, not his mouth: וַיִּיצֶר ה"א אֶת־הָאָדָם עָפָר מִן־הָאֲדָמָה וַיִּפַּח בְּאַפָּיו נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה׃ the LORD God blew into his nostrils the breath of life, and man Photo by Richárd Ecsedi on Unsplash Have you ever thought that your body might sense when death is near? It sounds strange, but science Checking your browser before accessing pmc. A growing body of evidence shows that damaging The myth suggests that if you strike at an upward angle with a palm strike to the nose with enough force, you can jam the nose bone up into the skull and kill someone instantly. — Dr. I wanted to know if it is true that when a person dies do all of their body fluids release? ie: urine, feces, blood??? And also, how did you cope the first time a pt. Every single minute, an average of 100 people die somewhere in the world, and we humans aren't great at coming to terms Preventative Measures Several practical steps can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing blood when blowing your nose. Learn what can cause it and how to treat it. It has several possible causes, such as cold and/or dry air, allergies or viral infections. The Blowing the nose can damage small blood vessels in the nose, leading to a nosebleed. While Understand the mechanical and physiological processes that cause fluid release from the mouth after death, clarifying common misconceptions. asqmmweh uv7wvts qw7y8ru s96kjz vgsiv upr sny ejvi3a k41qsg eb